Cramps

Cramps are sudden, painful, and involuntary muscle contractions, also known as muscle spasms. They can be caused by factors like dehydration, muscle fatigue, and overexertion, and are often temporarily relieved by stretching the affected muscle. While generally harmless, frequent or severe cramps should be evaluated by a doctor, as they can sometimes indicate an underlying medical condition.

Cramps are sudden, brief, and involuntary contractions of a muscle or group of muscles.
They can be very painful and may cause the muscle to feel hard to the touch.
Any muscle can be affected, but they are common in the legs, feet, arms, and hands.

Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance: Not drinking enough fluids, especially after exercise, can lead to cramps.
Muscle fatigue: Overexertion and poor physical conditioning can make muscles more susceptible to cramping.
Nerve compression: Conditions that put pressure on nerves, like sitting or standing in an awkward position for a long time, can cause cramps.
Medical conditions: Cramps can sometimes be a symptom of an underlying issue, such as peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, or problems with the thyroid or nerves.
Pregnancy: Cramps are common in pregnant women.
Age: Older adults may be more prone to cramps due to loss of muscle mass.
Medications: Some medications can increase the risk of developing cramps.

Stretch: Gently stretch the affected muscle and hold the stretch until the cramp subsides.
Massage: Massaging the muscle can help.
Apply heat or cold: Use heat for a tense muscle or cold for soreness after the initial cramp has passed.
Hydrate: Drink water or an electrolyte-rich sports drink.
Replenish electrolytes: Foods like bananas, yogurt, and leafy greens can help replenish lost minerals.

When to see a doctor